Type of Power RegulationĪ BDC motor controller regulates the speed and torque by changing the power supplied to the motor. Let’s briefly go over them through the example of a brushed DC motor controller. The other classifications are typical of almost any electrical motor’s controller. A stepper motor controller provides current in pulses, energizing poles of the stator and making the rotor move. It allows the device powered by this motor to shift and fix positions with high precision. After each step, the rotor stops at a certain angle. In our article dedicated to a BLDC motor controller, we provide a detailed description of its working principles and design features.Ī stepper motor belongs to the group of brushless DC motors, but its distinguishing feature is that it rotates in stages or steps. It switches the current in the windings with the help of transistors. It has a rotor with permanent magnets and a stator with windings.Ī brushless DC motor controller uses sensors to specify the rotor’s position. For example, unlike a brushed DC motor, a brushless DC (BLDC) motor has an electronic commutator without brushes. Principles of DC motor controller classifications DC Motor Typeįirst, controllers vary according to the type of DC motor. The infographic below shows this variety. There are different types of DC motor controllers along with the principles of their classification. The major design and working principles of BDC motor controllers can differ between their types. This creates the reverse polarity of the magnetic field, and the armature keeps rotating.Ī controller of a brushed DC motor manages the speed and torque of the motor by regulating the current and voltage injected into it. As the armature rotates, the similar poles of the magnetic fields created around the stator and rotor repel each other and provide a unidirectional motion.Īs soon as the opposite poles meet, the commutator switches the current supplied to the armature. The current flowing through the armature gives rise to the electromagnetic field that makes it rotate. Thus, a brushed DC motor comprises the following units:Ī stator with windings or permanent magnets Ī commutator, or collectorwith brushes connecting the armature with a DC power supply. There can also be other components that perform critical functions. The two core components of any DC motor are a stator and an armature, or rotor. For example, an electric vehicle DC motor controller for a brushless DC (BLDC) motor has different design and working principles compared to an industrial DC motor controller of a brushed motor. The specifics of a DC motor controller depend on the motor type ( brushed, brushless, stepper) and functionality of the device that uses this motor. Irrespective of the motor type, this electronic device can fulfill the following functions: The intended use of a motor controller is to manage the performance of an electrical motor.
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To learn more about a BLDC motor controller, its design, and working principles, you can check a related article on our blog. In this article, we have focused mainly on brushed DC (BDC) motor controllers. In addition, we’ll share our personal experience and brief you on the design and challenges that you can meet while building your own controller. Here, we’ll tell you how a DC motor controller works and how you can use it.
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In an alternating current (AC) motor, a magnetic field changes polarity on its own.Ī DC motor has some significant advantages, and one of them is the simplicity of its control system. The common feature and the essential condition of all DC motors is the generation of a variable magnetic field that provides their non-stop operation.
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DC motors have different arrangements and operation peculiarities. A direct current (DC) motor is the oldest type of electrical motor that has gained widespread use in a variety of electronic devices and equipment.